Postal Innovation Strategy
abstract
This article aims to explore the impact of infectious diseases on other social and economic environments, that is, to affect all global activities and completely change the livelihoods and activities of individuals and governments around the world. The historic and current covid-19 pandemic and its socio-economic impact will be evaluated and compared at a high level. I will further explain the influence of various departments, individuals and governments on enterprises. Although the government provided a lot of subsidies, most enterprises were seriously affected by the economic stagnation caused by the close global isolation. Infectious diseases have promoted global innovation, promoted the formation of a new normal, and forced governments and enterprises to determine and deploy innovative strategies to deal with the crisis. Although most enterprises have experienced losses and bankruptcy, some innovative technologies and disease treatment enterprises, such as robots, video conferencing, cutting-edge production, test kits, ventilators, gloves, have prospered significantly in this global recession. We will share how to quickly change the business model and direction to meet the changing needs of negatively affected enterprises, and how innovative technologies such as robots, artificial intelligence, automation, video conferencing are applied in education, healthcare and manufacturing. This paper shows how to quickly adopt technology to predict and share the normal state of the new world and mitigate changes in global demand and labor behavior.
Keywords: covid-19, crisis, digitalization, economy, innovation, new normal, new industry, revolution, recession, technology driven strategy, labor force
Innovation Strategy in the Post novel coronavirus Era
brief introduction
The current popularity has a great impact, which should be explained in detail to make the important innovation strategy effective and ideal. The purpose of this document is to highlight this impact in various social and economic environments and identify new solutions to the crisis. This study is divided into four chapters.
1. covid-19: Comparison with the impact of the past on the crisis: This chapter focuses on the overall evaluation of significant epidemics in human history, including the prehistoric era, and compares them with the current pandemic. This chapter also introduces the socio-economic impact of the epidemic.
2. Impact on business and labor dynamics: This chapter emphasizes the global impact of infectious diseases on enterprises and labor dynamics, and clarifies how floating industries and enterprises will yield to the adverse impact of infectious diseases.
3. New Common: This chapter discusses some activities triggered by the pandemic, and predicts that these activities will last for a long time after the pandemic. These activities include industry, business, and even education, and revolutionize various sectors by adopting new strategies that will also exist in the Forstcovid-19 era.
4. Core innovation strategy for future enterprises: This chapter includes basic strategies and innovations in infectious disease impact(beneficial) methods and technologies.
Covid-19: impact and comparison with past crises
Since the prehistoric era of modern mankind(before the industrial revolution), civilization has been plagued by epidemics of varying degrees. According to the geographical characteristics of some ancient epidemics before the 20th century, it can be said that in the modern world environment, most epidemics are not called epidemics. For this reason, the World Health Organization(WHO) Dr. Yashi Fukuda, assistant of health care, safety and environment, said that the severity of diseases in 2009 played an important role in classifying one or more diseases as world pandemics or epidemics. According to him, the early version of the FANDEMIC Plan Guide included changes in viruses, infections The focus is on many other concepts, including severity.
Past and present epidemic trends
Most of the scholarships support the idea that infectious diseases are classified as pandemics due to their severity, especially in terms of emphasizing mortality(Carrie et al., 2013). Therefore, the severity and mortality of infectious diseases will become infectious diseases(Potter, 2001) ▲ Before the industrial age, infectious diseases widely occurring in the world may be marked as infectious diseases or not as pandemics in our modern era.
From the beginning of the 20th century to the end of the 20th century, three major global pandemics were recorded. First, the “Spanish flu”(Barro et al., 2020) in 1918, the “Asian flu”(H2N2) in 1957(Jackson, 2009), and the “Hong Kong flu”(H3N2) in 1968(Starling, 2006). When analyzing epidemic trends in modern history, terrible conclusions can be drawn. In other words, industrialization and globalization have made civilization more advanced, and the spread, variation and mode of transmission of this infectious disease are more favorable. Therefore, the convenience of transportation, globalization and industrialization may contribute to the rapid spread of viruses that cause diseases during FANDEMIC. This is obvious in the 21st century. In less than a quarter of the past century, the world has witnessed more than three epidemics. Avian influenza(N1H1) in 2009(Lysett et al., 2019), severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) in 2002(Smith, 2006), novel coronavirus(novel coronavirus) in 2019(Moghadas et al., 2020), etc.
Impact of epidemics on socio-economic activities
although the Espanian influenza peaked at the end of the First World War, the economic and social impact of influenza on planned activities is extremely important. Some authors point out that this impact may be greater than reported(Barro and Ursuya, 2008). Barou et al.(2020) focused on the impact(disaster) of Pan American(mainly Spanish flu and novel coronavirus) on the macro-economy. They define this impact as a collective deterioration of about 10% of real GDP per capita during a clearly defined period. Since then, World War I, World War II and Spanish flu have had the most serious impact on the macro-economy in our time. According to the author, the Spanish flu in 1918 may have a huge negative impact on the next world macro-economy, but the current infectious disease is slowly passing.
Other reports link the economic stagnation caused by the novel coronavirus with the Second World War(Reuters, 2020). Of course, from an economic perspective, the current Pan American Airlines(covid-19) is unusual. The former infectious diseases were mainly felt by countries with more or less fragile economies at that time, but the current infectious diseases are mainly concentrated on the economic giants of our times(Baldwin and Weder di Mauro, 2020). To cope with the increasing number of viral cases, economic powers should use the “containment” and “mitigation” procedures(World Health Organization, 2009) as a means of “assessing the infectious disease curve”(Nicola et al., 2020). These include the comprehensive blockade of public activities, travel restrictions, border closure, isolation and quarantine, which has triggered people’s concern about the upcoming economic downturn and stagnation(Ozili and Arun, 2020).
Figure 1: Smooth infectious disease curve
Source: Detmer et al., 2021()
Figure 1 shows the importance of mitigating and controlling the duration of the epidemic. These measures help limit the number of deaths associated with FANDEMIC by limiting the maximum number of patients, but extend the socio-economic impact by extending the duration of FANDEMIC. From the experience of previous pandemics, scholars reported that with the occurrence of this infectious disease, anxiety and isolation had a negative impact on economic and social activities(Bermejo, 2004; arndt and Lewis, 2001), such as agriculture, education and mental health.
Impact on agriculture
According to the report of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO, 2020), the organization believes that covid-19 has disrupted agricultural activities through two important models. This is the “supply” and “demand” of food. Infectious diseases have seriously affected the food supply. During the period of blockade and quarantine, due to the public’s anxiety about the virus, the agricultural industry witnessed the global panic buying and long-term food storage of cereals, pasta, flour, etc.(J á mbor et al., 2020). Therefore, by the middle of 2020, basic commodities have almost reached the peak of the first wave, causing negative impacts and scarcity(Bochtis et al., 2020). As these countries relax domestic restrictions, the circulation of domestic agricultural products and major products begins to stabilize, and the supply of these products becomes more obvious(Siche, 2020). Most countries have closed borders and limited international trade, so this is not the case for countries that rely heavily on imported products.(Pulige Lupia, 2020; bochtis et al., 2020). In addition, due to the widespread public regulation, the negative impact of food “supply” has led to the reduction of food “demand” in major global food service industries such as markets, restaurants, cafeterias, hotels, etc.(Berg Weger&Schroepfer, 2020). Therefore, due to the unpredictability of the disease and the economic impact of the virus, the consumption capacity of individuals has decreased and the demand for food has decreased.
Impact on mental health
Due to the unstable nature of the virus, the threat to livelihoods, the increase in the number of deaths worldwide, and the large increase in the number of confirmed cases worldwide, the public’s fear of disease, depression, and insomnia was reported(Wang et al., 2020). Since the emergence of the virus, governments and international organizations have paid more attention to reducing the economic impact of the virus, and implemented policies such as social isolation, isolation, quarantine, mass gatherings and restricted activities to curb the spread of the virus.
In addition to this long-term isolation and isolation cycle with the public, no form of physical contact with relatives and friends exposes and destroys the basic nature and characteristics of human nature. Combined with the uncertainty of virus, the fear of economic burden and other psychological trauma, it describes an unstable environment(Lin et al., 2020). Among the many misunderstandings and misinformation about the fan dynamics circulating on the Internet, researchers at Cornell University concluded that former President Donald Trump of the United States was related to about 38% of the “wrong information dialogues”(“information dialogues”)(KHN, 2020). Aksut(2020) also said that about 200 people in Iran died of alcohol overdose, and more people were poisoned. The idea that drinking can cure the virus spread on the Internet. Research confirms that frequent exposure to social media/news related to covid-19 is the cause of anxiety and stress symptoms(Gordon, 2020).
Impact on the global economy
In the article entitled “Global Economic Instability in Davos” written by David Dollar and Douglas A. Rediker, they wrote: “The choice of leaders of the World Bank and the World Trade Organization, the US China trade war, the presidential elections of the United Kingdom, the European Union and the United States will become the center of core issues affecting the world economy in the next 10 years(Dollar and Rediker, 2019). The emergence of novel coronavirus has changed the global economic environment and set up a central stage for new economic priorities. The economic impact of infectious diseases during the period was unprecedented. Economic losses caused by infectious diseases have been widely reported. It is reported that during the SARS epidemic in China, the epidemic affected economic activities, and Asian countries lost about 12 billion to 18 billion dollars(Wishnick, 2010). The impact of the SARS epidemic on the world economy is about 30 billion to 100 billion US dollars(Smith, 2006). In 2003 alone, the virus reduced China’s GDP by 1% and Southeast Asia’s by 0.5%(MacKellar, 2007).
Similarly, in the case of the novel coronavirus pandemic, when the first patient swept across Europe and the United States in late February 2020, global stock market marketers wiped out about $6 trillion of wealth. In addition, at about the same time, the United States in S and Amp; standard&Poor’s 500 Index and the top 10 companies in the Standard&Poor’s 500 Index; the total loss of P500 is about 1.4 trillion US dollars(Randewich, 2020; ozili and Arun, 2020). Due to this decline in the global economy, the International Monetary Fund predicts that a global downturn similar to the global financial crisis will occur in 2007-2008, and the economy will recover from 2021(Georgivea, 2020) ▲ Infectious diseases exert pressure on governments of all countries to quickly respond to and deal with the already endangered diseases. Most countries have formulated policies that have both positive and negative effects on the global economy, causing many countries to fall into recession.
Figure 2: Impact of infectious diseases on the world economy
Source: Li(2020)()
Figure 2 shows the changes in the economic activity measurement(GDP) of selected regions in the regions most affected by infectious diseases, as in the regions with the largest economic scale. It also makes a sharp contrast between the global financial crisis in 2007/2008 and the current infectious diseases, showing how the economies of these regions fell to the lowest value in history.
The impact of the epidemic has gone beyond health defects and activities with other sectors. Unlike the infectious diseases and other infectious diseases in the prehistoric era that swept the world in previous generations, the current infectious diseases have affected the most important countries in the world. With the crisis, social and economic recession is unprecedented in recent times. This crisis triggered global isolation, affected all activities in agriculture, education, mental health and other fields, and greatly changed the livelihood and activities of individuals and governments around the world.
Impact on enterprises and labor force
A century ago, many problems and obstacles about global business were around how to reduce business failure and growth opportunities(Amankwah Amoah&Syrias, 2020). Previously, these issues seemed to be the biggest challenges around the business scope. However, global warming and the current transformation of novel coronavirus have changed the sustainable scope of enterprises. Walsh(2020) pointed out that small and large enterprises were affected by infectious diseases. The author predicted that “large-scale bankruptcy” would surge. Due to the pan American trend, about 7% of small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) in the UK would be permanently closed, and many other enterprises would also face a crisis of collapse. In addition, most enterprises have also taken many mitigation measures, including reducing working hours, locking jobs, telecommuting or working away from home, and dissolution costs(Amankwah Amaoh et al., 2020).
Impact on business activities
Ozili and Arun(2020) described the impact of global infectious diseases on enterprises and labor force as the impact of global economic demand and supply, and the main result of the “spillover effect” of this impact on enterprises in the economy. The International Civil Aviation Organization(2020) said that, at the peak of novel coronavirus, by the end of the year, about 71% of the world’s passengers and about 1.5 billion person times will decrease and decline. The reduction of seat capacity in the aviation sector has affected the financial capacity of many airlines, leading to the collapse of some airlines(Amankwah Amoah et al., 2020; ozili and Arun, 2020). Because of the financial crisis, the company chose a remediation plan of $58 billion(Muller, 2020), which is a typical manifestation of the dangerous impact of the novel coronavirus on the aviation industry. Hotel enterprises and restaurants have also been affected by the restrictions of the novel coronavirus epidemic. Managers have been laid off and staff income has also been cut. Therefore, the hotel industry has applied for 150 billion dollars in aid for its business, part of which is owned by franchise or small business owners; in addition, businesses such as stores and restaurants(Muller, 2020) used 100 billion dollars. Similarly, among the driving forces, basically in the agricultural industry, infectious diseases have seriously affected the agricultural road power, mainly the number of seasonal agricultural road power. Most of them are basically immigrants. Due to border blockade, international restrictions and social vulnerable policies, the number of leisure labor has decreased dramatically(Bochtis, 2020). Sometimes age is the main obstacle to the availability of labor(Berg Weger&Schroepfer, 2020). Therefore, the impact of infectious diseases includes unemployment, wage cuts, bankruptcy and closure, huge commercial debts and structures.
Figure 3: Unemployment rates by region
Source: Li(2020)()
Figure 3 shows the impact of infectious diseases on enterprises and the entire workforce, and shows that the unemployment rate in various regions has changed dramatically due to the crisis, with the highest unemployment rate in the United States.
Next peak: defining future trends
It is generally accepted that the previous era was fundamentally different in ideology from the previous era of novel coronavirus(Bonacini et al., 2020). Therefore, it is logical to analyze such changes and common trends, which define this new era. As mentioned earlier, Ozili and Arun(2020) reported that the world economic impact of infectious diseases would spread to other sectors and industries, and the crisis would “spill over”. Fluctuations can be measured, studied and quantified according to the business or industry affected. At present, the impact of FANDEMIC will have a chain reaction on individual economic and social life as we transition to the post FANDEMIC era and usher in a new normal state.
New standards
The “new normal state” is often a clear fact, and sometimes a controversial fact. With the transformation of the Pan American tide, the production of a series of vaccines and the relaxation of international restrictions associated with the Pan American movement nationwide(Berg Weger&Schroepfer, 2020), some common problems still exist. What is the new normal state, and we will return to the traditional normal state?(that is, its method). One of these questions is that global economic and social spillovers make “normal” impossible. This kind of value is reflected in the enthusiasm and concern for the upcoming events; in other words, the response to future crises is becoming the basic mindset of contemporary and future generations(Buheji and Ahmed, 2020 b). Another obvious way of this new normal value is the knowledge industry. Academic materials usually take some time to be accepted and published; but now it only takes a few weeks. Therefore, this large-scale transformation shows that in the post novel coronavirus era, the flow of information and knowledge that can maintain the “new normal value”(Gianola et al., 2020) has become a top priority in the case of the surge of infectious diseases.
In this “new common”, the most obvious changes may occur in the global medical and security institutions. It is expected that the government and individuals will change their attitudes towards health and safety more strictly. This new normal will enable most countries and international organizations to increase health and security budgets and emergency preparedness. PPE, prevention and inspection equipment and other safety equipment can be used and evaluated. From 2020 to 2023, the trend will be higher(Buheji and Ahmed, 2020 a). The new normal state will be completely revolutionary and unprecedented, because infectious diseases will affect the trivial and primitive activities of our lives.
Define new trends
tourism
According to Benjamin et al.(2020), the current pandemic has not only created opportunities and even urgency for large-scale financial and marketing recovery, but also brought huge reform and transformation to the paralyzed industry, which has been proved in the pandemic. Specifically, equity should be the primary goal in the transformation of tourism. With this change, “New Ordinary” will identify the difficulties and perceptions that dominate the tourism industry before FanDynamic starts, as well as the built-in stock plan(Benjamin et al., 2020). Brouder et al.(2020) recognized that for tourism, there is always a “standardized” activity method, rather than a “normal” method. According to the author, the breath of restrictions brought by the tourism pandemic actually describes the signs of institutional change in the direction of “tourism socialization”, which has gradually formed a new normal in the foreseeable future. They added that the possibility of such ideological transformation has led to the transformation of the mode of social tourism activities. World leaders are actively exploring employment growth to alleviate the accumulated and deepening unemployment problem. Glasmeier(2020) pointed out that policy makers and governments will consider the benefits of actually raising the minimum wage of poverty to “living wage” as a means to protect the tourism industry and its employees when another global crisis occurs.
education
Since the beginning of the new decade, the world has gradually entered a new era of e-learning. The globalization era that relies more on e-learning equipment than before; this dependence mainly comes from innovation and technological progress in the modern era, and is also the result of pan American influence. The sharp and sudden transformation of educational ideas from traditional learning to more e-learning is described as “forced transformation into e-learning”, rather than spontaneous and intentional embrace(Ray, 2020). On the contrary, about 70% of people became familiar with this platform after the onset of novel coronavirus, and about 67% believed that online learning was easier than traditional learning. This trend is becoming a new normal and is expected to continue for a long time after the impact of the pandemic subsides.
The impact of the pandemic and its consequences will lead to the paradigm shift of activities and ideology in the post epidemic era. The previous disasters(infectious diseases, infectious diseases, wars, etc.) have changed the activities of enterprises and individuals and have remained so until now. Therefore, the activities in the post Pan American era are different from those in the pre covid-19 era and are expected to usher in a new normal state. This new standard will be disseminated to all sectors such as education, finance and tourism. The public may generally accept or reject this trend, but adaptation, survival, and even globalization caused by industrial progress will greatly contribute to the survival and ultimate sustainability of this trend in the world.
Core innovation strategy for future enterprises
Scholars reported that, due to different events or disasters, many innovations and technological advances have occurred now and in the past, allowing or creating new technological prospects(Taalbi, 2017). For example, the US Department of Defense, worried about the Soviet Union’s hegemony in space technology, invented the Internet at the peak of the Cold War(Lemonaki, 2020). After the Spanish influenza pandemic in 1918, the medical system improved significantly, the protection equipment and housing plan changed, and the great art and music innovation caused by ancient infectious diseases/infectious diseases(McDonald, 2020). In addition, under the influence of World War II, the commercialization of penicillin, medical progress in trauma treatment, skin transplantation, blood transfusion and microwave, radar technology, ENIAC computer and other technological advances have also been achieved(National Museum of World War II). The outbreak of novel coronavirus is the result of modern research in robotics, advanced production, digital technology, artificial intelligence and other fields, as well as the integration of its equivalent applications into traditional activities and departments(Zimmerling&Chen, 2021). Restrictions caused by infectious diseases affect daily life, interrupt educational activities, and affect small and large enterprises and government organizations. Based on this impact, researchers predict that Pan American will promote global innovation and new peak development trends. Many of these innovations show the possibility of continuous change(Zimmerling&Chen, 2021).
Innovative transformation of enterprises facing the future
At present, the international community shows signs of adapting to the new normal state. Nevertheless, the most important thing is to analyze the current innovation of various industries and enterprises(Zimmerling&Chen, 2021). These industries and enterprises have obviously undergone long-term technology transfer in the past fan dynamics and crises.
4.1.1 Digital technology
Through the restrictions and guidelines on mandatory retirement of workplaces, companies, schools and other non essential organizations, it is urgent to keep rational and normal during the blockade period to promote the innovative implementation and utilization of digital technology(Xiang et al., 2020). One of the digital tools benefiting from these events is telemedicine(Ohannesian et al., 2020). Telemedicine was once defined as a shared virtual communication between patients and medical providers using video and audio devices and software. Now it has developed into a solution that can provide continuous medical care while reducing the harm of infectious diseases(Ohannesian et al., 2020). The emergence of the pandemic has promoted innovative methods to expand the scope of telemedicine such as mental health and virtual diagnosis and treatment(Ohannesian et al., 2020). The combination of these ideologies with digital platforms and machines has improved virus mitigation and monitoring(intelligent wearable health care, SWH). The governments of China, Israel, Italy and other countries used this technology during the peak period of infectious diseases. China uses smart phones and facial recognition cameras(Brem, 2020) to monitor and detect viruses in the population. Therefore, digital technology has also greatly improved network streaming media and virtual communication applications, leading to the transformation of video conferencing, distance learning, electronic examination, e-commerce and electronic games(Brem, 2020).
Figure 4: Telemedicine reform
Source: Zimmerling and amp; cHEN(2021)
The above figure 4 shows the innovative working principle of digital technology in medicine: the combination of intelligent instruments, artificial intelligence, data acquisition and monitoring and telemedicine. This process shows how intelligent wearable health care can monitor symptoms, check, monitor infected people and track contacts through intelligent machines.
Flexible and advanced manufacturing
FANDEMIC has had a huge impact on the demand for important products for disease prevention and treatment, such as detection kits, PPE, ventilators, oxygen, disinfectants, and so on, ensuring the importance of these products(Tietze et al., 2020). In order to alleviate this demand transfer of consumers, many enterprises and industries must convert production methods into basic products, whether for charitable purposes, the importance of health, profitability, or government policies(Tietze et al., 2020). This will create a sense of organizational transformation and cooperation between various industries and even competitors(Zimmerling&Chen, 2021), and promote “flexible manufacturing technology”(Brem, 2020). In the peak period of infectious diseases, the flexible manufacturing implemented by the company allows Ford, General Motors(GM) and Tesla to adapt to the production of medical ventilators by reforming the automobile production line. In addition, various industries and fatty alcohol production enterprises and organizations have also been reformed to support isopropanol production(Brem, 2020). Similarly, in this march in Liuzhou, it is also very obvious that the enterprise adopts advanced technology. Cutting edge manufacturing systems can not only improve the potential of production speed and quality, but also reduce the labor required for production(Javaid et al., 2020).
In the peak period of infectious diseases, when the economic and financial impact is greater than the limit, 3D printing technology is used as an innovative means to alleviate the defects of various important materials(Ishack and Lipner, 2020). 3D scanning equipment provides the means to instantly project personalized product blueprints, but 3D printing equipment provides the generation of materials quickly used by various industries and institutions when needed due to the availability of 3D technology(Javaid et al., 2020). For example, health experts need N95 masks for safety purposes, but due to demand and restrictions, the product is in short supply worldwide. 3D printing companies began to release open source materials that can print N95 ventilators(Sampol, 2020). Therefore, Ford, CoxHealth and other enterprises and companies are participating in the production of various masks to support medical care purposes(Brem, 2020). In a word, the flexibility of enterprises and the constant adoption of new and innovative technologies to adapt to the uncertainty caused by disasters are obvious in this epidemic. This strategy is very important for enterprises that are ready for the future. Because it will certainly become a new state of modern enterprises.
conclusion
The current infectious diseases have affected the most important countries in the world. With the crisis, the social and economic recession is unprecedented in recent times. The crisis triggered global isolation, affected all activities in agriculture, education, mental health and other fields, and seriously affected the mortality and livelihood of individuals around the world.
Infectious diseases and universal restrictions imposed by world leaders and governments at the peak of the crisis triggered fears, which had a huge impact on enterprises, surpassing the impact on enterprises and labor dynamics during the 2007-2008 global economic crisis. Despite various financial rescue plans, most banks failed.
The pan American influence and its results will lead to the transformation of the activity paradigm, change the activities of enterprises and individuals in the post Pan American era, and it is expected to bring new normalcy. This new normal will spread to all sectors, including education, finance, tourism and supply chain. With the progress of technology and industry, adaptation, survival and even globalization will greatly force governments, enterprises and individuals to adopt methods and change that have never been considered acceptable so far.
Many current methodologies and even technological advances are solutions to emergencies; therefore, most core innovations are designed to deal with crises. The current fan power triggers core innovative measures to solve or mitigate the impact of defects brought by fan power. From educational methodology, fitness nursing methodology, manufacturing and production methodology(flexible manufacturing) to technical innovation(artificial intelligence, intelligent machines, video conferencing, etc.), these changes are part of the new trend and will determine the future of all industries.
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